 Coffee drying in the sun Many specialty coffees are washed once the fermentation is complete to halt the fermentation process. This is called "wet processing," where coffee beans are washed in a series of concrete or wood channels with clean water. This process ensures that the fermentation process has stopped.
The coffee is then dried, either by the sun or mechanically. The process for sun drying coffee can take three to five days or almost two weeks, depending on the weather. It is very important that the drying coffee is turned many times each day and does not come into contact with any water after the washing process is complete and the drying process is underway. All of the coffee that we buy at Equal Exchange is dried by the sun on concrete patios or on raised screens.
When the coffee has been dried down to 12% moisture and a thin shell, called parchment, encapsulates each coffee bean, the producers pull the coffee off of the patios or screen trays, put it into coffee sacks, and divide it in their warehouses to prepare for export.
Dry Processing vs. Wet Processing
Coffee is processed in many different ways throughout the world. In some cases, coffee cherries are not depulped, but harvested when ripe and laid out to dry. Or, the coffee cherries may be left to partially dry on the tree, then picked and placed on patio to dry in the sun. In both methods, the cherries are left to dry in the sun for two to three weeks and then put through a hulling machine to remove the dried pulp, parchment and silverskin. This type of processing, called "dry processing," is believed to produce a heavy-bodied cup of coffee. Within the coffee industry, these beans are usually referred to as naturals. naturals.
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